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| 1947 |
| | President Truman defines postwar US policy by pledging support for any nation defending itself against Communism | |
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| 1948 |
| | An armed coup, led by Klement Gottwald, imposes single-party Communist rule in Czechoslovakia | |
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| 1948 |
| | George Marshall, the US secretary of state, launches a plan to distribute aid to sixteen European countries | |
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| 1948 |
| | Tito accepts Marshall Aid from the USA, setting Yugoslavia on the path of non-alignment in the Cold War | |
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| 1948 |
| | US lawyer Alger Hiss is denounced, controversially, as a Soviet spy | |
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| 1948 |
| | Kim Il Sung becomes prime minister of North Korea on the withdrawal of the Soviet occupying force | |
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| 1948 June 24 |
| | The Soviet Union imposes a blockade on Berlin by denying the other powers access through the land corridor to the city | |
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| 1948 June 26 |
| | The Western powrers respond to the Soviet blockade by launching the Berlin airlift, flying in necessary provisions of every kind | |
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| 1949 |
| | The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is set up by the USA and Canada, together with Britain and other European countries, for purposes of collective security | |
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| 1949 |
| | The first Soviet atomic bomb, called by the Americans Joe One, is successfully tested in Kazakhstan | |
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